The Working Life of Storage Battery and the External Application Environment
Along with the development of the power electronic technology, to satisfy the needs of the development of communication technology, the new power equipment is developed with high frequency switch rectifier and valve control lead-acid battery as the representatives. Valve controlled seal storage battery become the first choice of communication power supply batteries with its small size and stable battery voltage, no pollution, light weight, high discharge performance, and small amount of maintenance. But in actual use, life expectancy theory is hard to meet. The battery should work 10 ~ 15 years mostly damaged in 2 ~ 3 years, some even can not reach 1 year life, which caused great economic losses. Besides the battery itself, the damage because of the unreasonable charge and discharge factor occupied a larger proportion. Reasonable reliable battery management and maintenance can guarantee that the battery has a long service life, to safeguard the interests of investors. Therefore, in communication power supply system, battery management is one of the important function; Battery management reliability and perfection have become one of the key competition among all the power supply manufacturers.
At present 2 V series and 12 V series valve control lead-acid battery used the most. The difference of the two kinds of the battery life is bigger, general 2 V series design life is 8 to 15 years, 12 V series design life is 3 ~ 6 years. Because the 12 V series battery price is cheaper, at present in communication system, the percentage of using a 12 V series is higher, but 2 V series batteries gradually increased in the application scope, especially in some important sites typically 2 V series of batteries are used.
Battery life provided by battery manufacturers is proposed for a certain environment design, the service life of the actual application has bigger relationship with external environment, and it includes:
The influence of the environment temperature
The environment temperature rise will speed up the gate panels’ corrosion and increase the loss of water in battery, so that the battery life shortens greatly, usually, every 10 ℃ temperature rise, battery life will be reduced by 50%, and the higher the temperature, the more the greater influence.
Insufficient charge
Long-term charge deficiency will make negative plate forming crystal nucleus, battery sulfating, thus the battery is difficult to restore.
Large current
Charging current is too large; the process of the active material PbSO4 on the positive plate restore into PbO2 is too fierce; shrinkage is too fast, leading battery plate bending and deforming.
Overdischarge
Most of the battery discharge termination voltage setting is not proper or unable to set, some even do not have discharge protection device, causing the battery pack deep discharge, the size increased, deformed, and even ruptured. The battery overdischarge will have big influence on battery service life, a depth of discharge may make the life of the battery reduced by 1 ~ 2 years, even battery scrap.
Long-term storage battery without charging or supplement
In order to extend valve control lead-acid battery service life, we should pay high attention to the combination of the power supply system to control the charging and discharging.